Hydrogen chloride

HCl
CAS Number 7647-01-0
UN1050 (gas)

Molecule
Properties
Applications
Safety & Compatibility
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Liquid / Gas Volumes

Calculate the volume or mass of a quantity of gas or liquid

Liquid Phase

At boiling point at 1.013 bar

m³ (Volume)

kg (Mass)

Gas Phase

In standard conditions (1.013 bar, 15°C)

m³ (Volume)

kg (Mass)

Physical Properties

Download the set of data (XLS - 71.7 KB)

General Properties
Solid Phase
Liquid Phase
Gas Phase

Molecule phase diagram showing the transition phases between solid, liquid and gas as a function of temperature and pressure

Pressure (bar)

- Molar mass 36.461 g/mol
- Content in dry air /
Critical Point
- Temperature 51.50 °C
- Pressure 83.1 bar
- Density 450.14 kg/m³
Triple Point
- Temperature -114.18 °C
- Pressure 1.3522E-1 bar

Pressure 1.013 bar

Latent heat of fusion (at melting point)	54.853 kJ/kg
Melting point	- 114.18 °C

Pressure 1.013 bar

Boiling point	- 85 °C
Latent heat of vaporization (at boiling point)	448.87 kJ/kg
Liquid density (at boiling point)	1192.98 kg/m³

Pressure 1.013 bar

0 °C
15 °C
25 °C

Specific gravity	1.27
Thermal conductivity	13.158 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	25.6287 bar
Viscosity	1.3405E-4 Po
Gas density (at boiling point)	2.4329 kg/m³
Gas density	1.6397 kg/m³

Gas/(liquid at boiling point) equivalent	764.73 vol/vol
Specific gravity	1.27
Thermal conductivity	13.924 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	37.3556 bar
Viscosity	1.4164E-4 Po
Gas density	1.5524 kg/m³

Gas/(liquid at boiling point) equivalent	764.73 vol/vol
Specific gravity	1.27
Thermal conductivity	14.43 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	47.2216 bar
Viscosity	1.4666E-4 Po
Gas density	1.4993 kg/m³

Applications

Examples of uses of this molecule in Industry and Healthcare

Chemicals

The chemicals industry uses hydrogen chloride to produce a large variety of organic chlorinated compounds. Chlorinated metals (such as aluminium or silicon chlorides) are produced with hydrogen chloride.

Electronic components

Hydrogen chloride is used in semiconductor fabrication for etching of native oxide, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) reactor cleaning or moisture getter.

Laboratories & Research Centers

Hydrogen chloride is used in calibration gas mixtures for environmental emission monitoring.

Metal fabrication

Hydrometallurgy processes use hydrogen chloride to enhance the separation coefficient of ores. Hot galvanizing process can use hydrogen chloride.

Other

Used with xenon in "excimer" lasers, hydrogen chloride can produce wavelengths which vary as a function of operating conditions.

Safety & Compatibility

Major Hazards
Material Compatibility

GHS04

Gas under pressure

GHS05

Corrosive

GHS06

Acute Toxicity

Threshold of toxicity

ILV-15min EU (at Patm and 293.15 K)	15 mg/m³ or 10 ppm
ILV-8h EU (at Patm and 293.15 K)	8 mg/m³ or 5 ppm
PEL USA OSHA (vol)	5 [ceiling] ppm
VLEP CT France (at Patm and 293.15 K)	7.5 mg/m³ or 5 ppm

Odor

Pungent and suffocating

Metals

Aluminium	Not recommended
Brass	Not recommended
Monel	Satisfactory
Copper	No data
Ferritic Steel	Satisfactory
Stainless steel	Satisfactory
Zinc	No data
Titanium	No data

Plastics

Polytetrafluoroethylene	Satisfactory
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene	Satisfactory
Polyvinylidene fluoride	Satisfactory
Polyvinyl chloride	Satisfactory
Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene	No data
Polycarbonate	No data
Polyamide	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Polypropylene	Satisfactory

Elastomers

Butyl (isobutene- isoprene) rubber	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Nitrile rubber	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Chloroprene	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Chlorofluorocarbons	No data
Silicone	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Perfluoroelastomers	Satisfactory
Fluoroelastomers	Satisfactory
Neoprene	No data
Polyurethane	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Ethylene-Propylene	Satisfactory

Lubricants

Hydrocarbon based lubricant	Contamination of the material Not recommended
Fluorocarbon based lubricant	Contamination of the material Not recommended

Materials compatibility

Recommendations : Air Liquide has gathered data on the compatibility of gases with materials to assist you in evaluating which materials to use for a gas system. Although the information has been compiled from what Air Liquide believes are reliable sources (International Standards: Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas content; Part 1- Metallic materials: ISO11114-1 (March 2012), Part 2 - Non-metallic materials: ISO11114-2 (April 2013), it must be used with extreme caution and engineering judgement. No raw data such as these can cover all conditions of concentration, temperature, humidity, impurities and aeration. It is therefore recommended that this table is only used to identify possible materials for applications at high pressure and ambient temperature. Extensive investigation and testing under the specific conditions of use need to be carried out to validate a material selection for a given application. Contact the regional Air Liquide team for expertise service.

Learn More

More information

Joseph Priestley prepared hydrogen chloride in 1772 and, in 1818, Humphry Davy established that it is composed of hydrogen and chlorine.