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      1-Butene
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      1-Butene
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      C4H8
      1-Butene

      Physical Properties

      Under solid (grey), liquid (blue) and vapor states (white) along the equilibrium curves

      • General properties
      • Solid phase
      • Liquid Phase
      • Gas Phase
      (P)
      log(P)
      Download
      • Molecular weight
        56.106
        g/mol
      • Content in air
        /

      Critical Point

      • Temperature
        146.14
        °C
         295.052 °F 419.29 K
      • Pressure
        40.051
        bar
         4.0051E6 pa 580.8904 lbf/in2 39.5273 Atm 4005.1 Kpa 3.0041E4 mmHg
      • Density
        237.89
        kg/m³
         14.851 lb/ft³

      Triple Point

      • Temperature
        - 185.35
        °C
         - 301.63 °F 87.8 K
      • Pressure
        /
      Pressure 1.013 bar
      • Melting point
        - 185.35
        °C
         - 301.63 °F 87.8 K
      • Latent heat of fusion (at melting point)
        68.584
        kJ/kg
         29.5056 Btu/lb 16.392 kcal/kg
      • Solid density
        /
      Pressure 1.013 bar
      • Liquid density
        625.63
        kg/m³
         39.0567 lb/ft³
      • Boiling point
        - 6.31
        °C
         20.642 °F 266.84 K
      • Latent heat of vaporization (at boiling point)
        392.23
        kJ/kg
         168.7417 Btu/lb 93.7452 kcal/kg
      Pressure1.013barTemperature
      • Compressibility factor Z
        9.6146E-1
        9.6845E-1
        9.7213E-1
      • Cp/Cv ratio γ
        1.1389
        1.1284
        1.1225
      • Dynamic viscosity
        7.4354E-5
        Po
         7.4354 µPa.s 7.4354E-6 PA.S 4.9964E-6 lb/ft/s
        7.8728E-5
        Po
         7.8728 µPa.s 7.8728E-6 PA.S 5.2903E-6 lb/ft/s
        8.1625E-5
        Po
         8.1625 µPa.s 8.1625E-6 PA.S 5.485E-6 lb/ft/s
      • Gas density at boiling point
        2.675
        kg/m³
         1.6699E-1 lb/ft³
        2.675
        kg/m³
         1.6699E-1 lb/ft³
        2.675
        kg/m³
         1.6699E-1 lb/ft³
      • Gas density
        2.6029
        kg/m³
         1.6249E-1 lb/ft³
        2.4496
        kg/m³
         1.5292E-1 lb/ft³
        2.3584
        kg/m³
         1.4723E-1 lb/ft³
      • Heat capacity at constant pressure Cp
        1.4905
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.5624E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1490.5 J/kg∙K 3.5624E-1 kcal/kg∙K
        1.5305
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.658E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1530.5 J/kg∙K 3.658E-1 kcal/kg∙K
        1.5606
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.7299E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1560.6 J/kg∙K 3.7299E-1 kcal/kg∙K
      • Heat capacity at constant volume Cv
        1.3087
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.1279E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1308.7 J/kg∙K 3.1279E-1 kcal/kg∙K
        1.3564
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.2419E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1356.4 J/kg∙K 3.2419E-1 kcal/kg∙K
        1.3902
        kJ/(kg.K)
         3.3227E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1390.2 J/kg∙K 3.3227E-1 kcal/kg∙K
      • Liquid (at boiling point)/gas equivalent
        240.36
        mol/mol
        255.4
        mol/mol
        265.28
        mol/mol
      • Solubility in water
        /
        /
        9.41E-2
        mol/mol
      • Specific gravity
        1.93
        1.93
        1.93
      • Specific volume
        3.842E-1
        m³/kg
         6.1543 ft³/lb
        4.082E-1
        m³/kg
         6.5387 ft³/lb
        4.24E-1
        m³/kg
         6.7918 ft³/lb
      • Thermal conductivity
        14.505
        mW/m∙K
         8.3864E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.248E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 3.4668E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.4505E-2 W/(m∙K)
        15.939
        mW/m∙K
         9.2155E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.3714E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 3.8095E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.5939E-2 W/(m∙K)
        16.934
        mW/m∙K
         9.7908E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.457E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 4.0473E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.6934E-2 W/(m∙K)
      • Vapor pressure
        1.2912
        bar
         1.2912E5 pa 18.7273 lbf/in2 1.2743 Atm 129.12 Kpa 968.4823 mmHg
        2.1976
        bar
         2.1976E5 pa 31.8735 lbf/in2 2.1689 Atm 219.76 Kpa 1648.3401 mmHg
        3.026
        bar
         3.026E5 pa 43.8884 lbf/in2 2.9864 Atm 302.6 Kpa 2269.6929 mmHg
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      C4H8
      1-Butene

      Liquid / Gas Volumes

      Calculate a liquid or gas volume or a mass

      Liquid Phase

      At boiling point at 1.013 bar

      m3(Volume)
      kg(Mass)

      Gas Phase

      at 1.013 bar and boiling point

      m3(Volume)
      kg(Mass)
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      C4H8
      1-Butene

      Applications

      Examples of uses of this molecule in Industry and Healthcare

      Chemicals

      1-Butene is used as a co-monomer for the production of high density (HDPE) and linear low density (LLDPE) polyethylene products and for the manufacture of polybutylene. 1-Butene is also used as feedstock for the production of 1,2-butylene oxide, methylethylketone (MEK), maleic anhydride and n-butyl derivatives. Butene-1 has good solvent properties.

      Chemicals
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      C4H8
      1-Butene

      Safety

      Information to safely use this molecule

      • Major hazards
      • Material compatibility
      Safety
      • GHS02
        Flammable

      Autoignition Temperature in Air at Patm and Flammability Limits in Air at Patm and 293.15 K (except if the temperature is indicated)

      • Europe (according to EN1839 for Limits and EN 14522 for autoignition temperature)

        • Auto-ignition temperature
          360
          °C
           680 °F 633.15 K
        • Flash point
          /
        • Lower flammability limit
          1.5
          vol/%
           1.5E4 ppm 1.5E4 ppm 1.5E-2 vol/vol
        • Upper flammability limit
          10.6
          vol/%
           1.06E5 ppm 1.06E5 ppm 1.06E-1 vol/vol

      • US (according to NFPA for Limits and ASTM E659 for autoignition temperature)

        • Auto-ignition temperature
          385
          °C
           725 °F 658.15 K
        • Flash point
          /
        • Lower flammability limit
          1.6
          vol/%
           1.6E4 ppm 1.6E4 ppm 1.6E-2 vol/vol
        • Upper flammability limit
          10
          vol/%
           10.E4 ppm 10.E4 ppm 0.1 vol/vol

      Odor

      Slightly aromatic

      Metals

      • Aluminium
        Satisfactory
      • Brass
        Not recommended
      • Monel
        Satisfactory
      • Copper
        Satisfactory
      • Ferritic Steel
        Satisfactory
      • Stainless steel
        Satisfactory
      • Zinc
        Satisfactory
      • Titanium
        no data

      Plastics

      • Polytetrafluoroethylene
        Satisfactory
      • Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
        Satisfactory
      • Polyvinylidene fluoride
        Satisfactory
      • Polyvinyl chloride
        Satisfactory
      • Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
        Satisfactory
      • Polycarbonate
        Not recommended
      • Polyamide
        Satisfactory
      • Polypropylene
        Satisfactory

      Elastomers

      • Buthyl (isobutene- isoprene) rubber
        Not recommended
        significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material
      • Nitrile rubber
        Satisfactory
      • Chloroprene
        Not recommended
        significant swelling
      • Chlorofluorocarbons
        Satisfactory
      • Silicon
        Not recommended
        significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material
      • Perfluoroelastomers
        Satisfactory
      • Fluoroelastomers
        Satisfactory
      • Nitrile rubber
        Satisfactory
      • Neoprene
        Satisfactory
      • Polyurethane
        Satisfactory
      • Ethylene-Propylene
        Not recommended
        significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material

      Lubricants

      • Hydrocarbon based lubricant
        Not recommended
        significant loss of mass
      • Fluorocarbon based lubricant
        Satisfactory

      Materials compatibility

      Recommendations : Air Liquide has gathered data on the compatibility of gases with materials to assist you in evaluating which materials to use for a gas system. Although the information has been compiled from what Air Liquide believes are reliable sources (International Standards: Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas content; Part 1- Metallic materials: ISO11114-1 (March 2012), Part 2 - Non-metallic materials: ISO11114-2 (April 2013), it must be used with extreme caution and engineering judgement. No raw data such as these can cover all conditions of concentration, temperature, humidity, impurities and aeration. It is therefore recommended that this table is only used to identify possible materials for applications at high pressure and ambient temperature. Extensive investigation and testing under the specific conditions of use need to be carried out to validate a material selection for a given application. Contact the regional Air Liquide team for expertise service.

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      C4H8
      1-Butene

      Learn More

      General information

      More information

      1-Butene, also known as butylene, is an alkene with the formula C4H8. It is a gas at room temperature and pressure, but can be liquefied by lowering the temperature or raising the pressure on it, in a manner similar to pressurised butane. This gas is colourless, highly flammable with no distinct odour. Although not naturally present in petroleum in high percentages, it can be produced from petrochemicals or by catalytic cracking of petroleum.

      C4H8

      1-Butene