1-Butene

C₄H₈
CAS Number 106-98-9
UN1012 (gas)

Molecule
Properties
Applications
Safety & Compatibility
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Liquid / Gas Volumes

Calculate the volume or mass of a quantity of gas or liquid

Liquid Phase

At boiling point at 1.013 bar

m³ (Volume)

kg (Mass)

Gas Phase

In standard conditions (1.013 bar, 15°C)

m³ (Volume)

kg (Mass)

Physical Properties

Download the set of data (XLS - 82.4 KB)

General Properties
Solid Phase
Liquid Phase
Gas Phase

Molecule phase diagram showing the transition phases between solid, liquid and gas as a function of temperature and pressure

Pressure (bar)

- Molar mass 56.106 g/mol
- Content in dry air /
Critical Point
- Temperature 146.35 °C
- Pressure 40.2 bar
- Density 232.81 kg/m³
Triple Point
- Temperature -185.35 °C
- Pressure 0 bar

Pressure 1.013 bar

Latent heat of fusion (at melting point)	68.584 kJ/kg
Melting point	- 185.35 °C

Pressure 1.013 bar

Boiling point	- 6.31 °C
Latent heat of vaporization (at boiling point)	392.23 kJ/kg
Liquid density (at boiling point)	625.63 kg/m³

Pressure 1.013 bar

0 °C
15 °C
25 °C

Compressibility factor Z	9.6146E-1
Cp/Cv ratio γ	1.1389
Gas density (at boiling point)	2.675 kg/m³
Gas density	2.6029 kg/m³
Gas/(liquid at boiling point) equivalent	240.36 vol/vol
Heat capacity Cp	1.4905 kJ/(kg.K)
Heat capacity Cv	1.3087 kJ/(kg.K)
Specific gravity	1.93
Specific volume	3.842E-1 m³/kg
Thermal conductivity	14.505 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	1.2912 bar
Viscosity	7.4354E-5 Po

Compressibility factor Z	9.6845E-1
Cp/Cv ratio γ	1.1284
Gas density	2.4496 kg/m³
Gas/(liquid at boiling point) equivalent	255.4 vol/vol
Heat capacity Cp	1.5305 kJ/(kg.K)
Heat capacity Cv	1.3564 kJ/(kg.K)
Specific gravity	1.93
Specific volume	4.082E-1 m³/kg
Thermal conductivity	15.939 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	2.1976 bar
Viscosity	7.8728E-5 Po

Compressibility factor Z	9.7213E-1
Cp/Cv ratio γ	1.1225
Gas density	2.3584 kg/m³
Gas/(liquid at boiling point) equivalent	265.28 vol/vol
Heat capacity Cp	1.5606 kJ/(kg.K)
Heat capacity Cv	1.3902 kJ/(kg.K)
Solubility in water	9.41E-2 mol/mol
Specific gravity	1.93
Specific volume	4.24E-1 m³/kg
Thermal conductivity	16.934 mW/(m.K)
Vapor pressure	3.026 bar
Viscosity	8.1625E-5 Po

Applications

Examples of uses of this molecule in Industry and Healthcare

Chemicals

1-Butene is used as a co-monomer for the production of high density (HDPE) and linear low density (LLDPE) polyethylene products and for the manufacture of polybutylene. 1-Butene is also used as feedstock for the production of 1,2-butylene oxide, methylethylketone (MEK), maleic anhydride and n-butyl derivatives. Butene-1 has good solvent properties.

Safety & Compatibility

Major Hazards
Material Compatibility

GHS02

Flammable

Autoignition Temperature, Flammability Limits & Flash Point

Europe (according to EN1839 for Limits and EN 14522 for autoignition temperature)

Autoignition temperature (Chemsafe)	360 °C
Lower flammability limit (IEC 80079-20-1)	1.5 vol%
Upper flammability limit (IEC 80079-20-1)	10.6 vol%

US (according to ASTM E681 for Limits and ASTM E659 for autoignition temperature)

Autoignition temperature (NFPA 325)	385 °C
Lower flammability limit (NFPA 325)	1.6 vol%
Upper flammability limit (NFPA 325)	10 vol%

Odor

Slightly aromatic

Metals

Aluminium	Satisfactory
Brass	Satisfactory
Monel	No data
Copper	No data
Ferritic Steel	Satisfactory
Stainless steel	Satisfactory
Zinc	No data
Titanium	No data

Plastics

Polytetrafluoroethylene	Satisfactory
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene	Satisfactory
Polyvinylidene fluoride	Satisfactory
Polyvinyl chloride	Significant swelling, change of mechanical properties Not recommended
Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene	No data
Polycarbonate	No data
Polyamide	Satisfactory
Polypropylene	Satisfactory

Elastomers

Butyl (isobutene- isoprene) rubber	Significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material Not recommended
Nitrile rubber	Satisfactory
Chloroprene	Significant swelling Not recommended
Chlorofluorocarbons	No data
Silicone	Significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material Not recommended
Perfluoroelastomers	Satisfactory
Fluoroelastomers	Satisfactory
Neoprene	No data
Polyurethane	Significant swelling, change of mechanical properties Not recommended
Ethylene-Propylene	Significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material Not recommended

Lubricants

Hydrocarbon based lubricant	Significant loss of mass Not recommended
Fluorocarbon based lubricant	Satisfactory

Materials compatibility

Recommendations : Air Liquide has gathered data on the compatibility of gases with materials to assist you in evaluating which materials to use for a gas system. Although the information has been compiled from what Air Liquide believes are reliable sources (International Standards: Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas content; Part 1- Metallic materials: ISO11114-1 (March 2012), Part 2 - Non-metallic materials: ISO11114-2 (April 2013), it must be used with extreme caution and engineering judgement. No raw data such as these can cover all conditions of concentration, temperature, humidity, impurities and aeration. It is therefore recommended that this table is only used to identify possible materials for applications at high pressure and ambient temperature. Extensive investigation and testing under the specific conditions of use need to be carried out to validate a material selection for a given application. Contact the regional Air Liquide team for expertise service.

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More information

1-Butene, also known as butylene, is an alkene with the formula C4H8. It is a gas at room temperature and pressure, but can be liquefied by lowering the temperature or raising the pressure on it, in a manner similar to pressurised butane. This gas is colourless, highly flammable with no distinct odour. Although not naturally present in petroleum in high percentages, it can be produced from petrochemicals or by catalytic cracking of petroleum.