1-Butene

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1-Butene

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C₄H₈

1-Butene

Physical Properties

Under solid (grey), liquid (blue) and vapor states (white) along the equilibrium curves

General properties
Solid phase
Liquid Phase
Gas Phase

(P)

log(P)

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Molecular weight

56.106
g/mol
Content in dry air

/

Critical Point

Temperature

146.35
°C
295.43 °F 419.5 K
Pressure

40.2
bar
4.02E6 pa 583.0515 lbf/in2 39.6743 Atm 4020 Kpa 3.0153E4 mmHg
Density

232.81
kg/m³
14.5338 lb/ft³

Triple Point

Temperature

- 185.35
°C
- 301.63 °F 87.8 K
Pressure

/

Pressure 1.013 bar

Melting point

- 185.35
°C
- 301.63 °F 87.8 K
Latent heat of fusion (at melting point)

68.584
kJ/kg
29.5056 Btu/lb 16.392 kcal/kg
Solid density

/

Pressure 1.013 bar

Liquid density (at boiling point)

625.63
kg/m³
39.0567 lb/ft³
Boiling point

- 6.31
°C
20.642 °F 266.84 K
Latent heat of vaporization (at boiling point)

392.23
kJ/kg
168.7417 Btu/lb 93.7452 kcal/kg

Pressure1.013barTemperature

Compressibility factor Z

9.6146E-1

9.6845E-1

9.7213E-1
Cp/Cv ratio γ

1.1389

1.1284

1.1225
Dynamic viscosity

7.4354E-5
Po
7.4354 µPa.s 7.4354E-6 PA.S 4.9964E-6 lb/ft/s

7.8728E-5
Po
7.8728 µPa.s 7.8728E-6 PA.S 5.2903E-6 lb/ft/s

8.1625E-5
Po
8.1625 µPa.s 8.1625E-6 PA.S 5.485E-6 lb/ft/s
Gas density at boiling point

2.675
kg/m³
1.6699E-1 lb/ft³

2.675
kg/m³
1.6699E-1 lb/ft³

2.675
kg/m³
1.6699E-1 lb/ft³
Gas density

2.6029
kg/m³
1.6249E-1 lb/ft³

2.4496
kg/m³
1.5292E-1 lb/ft³

2.3584
kg/m³
1.4723E-1 lb/ft³
Heat capacity at constant pressure Cp

1.4905
kJ/(kg.K)
3.5624E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1490.5 J/kg∙K 3.5624E-1 kcal/kg∙K

1.5305
kJ/(kg.K)
3.658E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1530.5 J/kg∙K 3.658E-1 kcal/kg∙K

1.5606
kJ/(kg.K)
3.7299E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1560.6 J/kg∙K 3.7299E-1 kcal/kg∙K
Heat capacity at constant volume Cv

1.3087
kJ/(kg.K)
3.1279E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1308.7 J/kg∙K 3.1279E-1 kcal/kg∙K

1.3564
kJ/(kg.K)
3.2419E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1356.4 J/kg∙K 3.2419E-1 kcal/kg∙K

1.3902
kJ/(kg.K)
3.3227E-1 BTU/lb∙°F 1390.2 J/kg∙K 3.3227E-1 kcal/kg∙K
Liquid (at boiling point)/gas equivalent

240.36
mol/mol

255.4
mol/mol

265.28
mol/mol
Solubility in water

/

/

9.41E-2
mol/mol
Specific gravity

1.93

1.93

1.93
Specific volume

3.842E-1
m³/kg
6.1543 ft³/lb

4.082E-1
m³/kg
6.5387 ft³/lb

4.24E-1
m³/kg
6.7918 ft³/lb
Thermal conductivity

14.505
mW/m∙K
8.3864E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.248E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 3.4668E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.4505E-2 W/(m∙K)

15.939
mW/m∙K
9.2155E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.3714E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 3.8095E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.5939E-2 W/(m∙K)

16.934
mW/m∙K
9.7908E-3 Btu/ft/h/°F 1.457E-1 cal/hour∙cm∙°C 4.0473E-5 cal/s∙cm∙°C 1.6934E-2 W/(m∙K)
Vapor pressure

1.2912
bar
1.2912E5 pa 18.7273 lbf/in2 1.2743 Atm 129.12 Kpa 968.4823 mmHg

2.1976
bar
2.1976E5 pa 31.8735 lbf/in2 2.1689 Atm 219.76 Kpa 1648.3401 mmHg

3.026
bar
3.026E5 pa 43.8884 lbf/in2 2.9864 Atm 302.6 Kpa 2269.6929 mmHg

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C₄H₈

1-Butene

Liquid / Gas Volumes

Calculate a liquid or gas volume or a mass

Liquid Phase

At boiling point at 1.013 bar

m3(Volume)

kg(Mass)

Gas Phase

in standard conditions (1,013 bar, 15°C)

m3(Volume)

kg(Mass)

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C₄H₈

1-Butene

Applications

Examples of uses of this molecule in Industry and Healthcare

Chemicals

1-Butene is used as a co-monomer for the production of high density (HDPE) and linear low density (LLDPE) polyethylene products and for the manufacture of polybutylene. 1-Butene is also used as feedstock for the production of 1,2-butylene oxide, methylethylketone (MEK), maleic anhydride and n-butyl derivatives. Butene-1 has good solvent properties.

Chemicals

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C₄H₈

1-Butene

Safety & Compatibility

Information to safely use this molecule

Major hazards
Material compatibility

Safety

GHS02

Flammable

Autoignition Temperature in Air at Patm and Flammability Limits in Air at Patm and 293.15 K (except if the temperature is indicated)

Europe (according to EN1839 for Limits and EN 14522 for autoignition temperature)
- Auto-ignition temperature
  
  360
  °C
  680 °F 633.15 K
- Flash point
  
  /
- Lower flammability limit
  
  /
- Upper flammability limit
  
  /
US (according to NFPA for Limits and ASTM E659 for autoignition temperature)
- Auto-ignition temperature
  
  385
  °C
  725 °F 658.15 K
- Flash point
  
  /
- Lower flammability limit
  
  /
- Upper flammability limit
  
  /

Odor

Slightly aromatic

Metals

Aluminium

Satisfactory
Brass

Not recommended
Monel

Satisfactory
Copper

Satisfactory
Ferritic Steel

Satisfactory
Stainless steel

Satisfactory
Zinc

Satisfactory
Titanium

No data

Plastics

Polytetrafluoroethylene

Satisfactory
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene

Satisfactory
Polyvinylidene fluoride

Satisfactory
Polyvinyl chloride

Satisfactory
Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene

Satisfactory
Polycarbonate

Not recommended
Polyamide

Satisfactory
Polypropylene

Satisfactory

Elastomers

Buthyl (isobutene- isoprene) rubber

Not recommended
significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material
Nitrile rubber NBR

Satisfactory
Chloroprene

Not recommended
significant swelling
Silicone

Not recommended
significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material
Perfluoroelastomers

Satisfactory
Fluoroelastomers

Satisfactory
Neoprene

Satisfactory
Polyurethane

Not recommended
significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material
Ethylene-Propylene

Not recommended
significant swelling and modification of the properties of the material

Lubricants

Hydrocarbon based lubricant

Not recommended
significant loss of mass
Fluorocarbon based lubricant

Satisfactory

Materials compatibility

Recommendations : Air Liquide has gathered data on the compatibility of gases with materials to assist you in evaluating which materials to use for a gas system. Although the information has been compiled from what Air Liquide believes are reliable sources (International Standards: Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas content; Part 1- Metallic materials: ISO11114-1 (March 2012), Part 2 - Non-metallic materials: ISO11114-2 (April 2013), it must be used with extreme caution and engineering judgement. No raw data such as these can cover all conditions of concentration, temperature, humidity, impurities and aeration. It is therefore recommended that this table is only used to identify possible materials for applications at high pressure and ambient temperature. Extensive investigation and testing under the specific conditions of use need to be carried out to validate a material selection for a given application. Contact the regional Air Liquide team for expertise service.

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C₄H₈

1-Butene

Learn More

General information

More information

1-Butene, also known as butylene, is an alkene with the formula C4H8. It is a gas at room temperature and pressure, but can be liquefied by lowering the temperature or raising the pressure on it, in a manner similar to pressurised butane. This gas is colourless, highly flammable with no distinct odour. Although not naturally present in petroleum in high percentages, it can be produced from petrochemicals or by catalytic cracking of petroleum.